Kubernetes Tutorial – A Complete Guide:
Kubernetes is a container management technology developed in Google lab to manage containerized applications in different kinds of environments like physical, virtual, and cloud infrastructure. It is an open-source system that helps in creating and handling containerization of application. This tutorial provides an overview of different kinds of features and functionalities of Kubernetes and teaches how to manage the containerized infrastructure and application deployment
List of the Topics covered in this blog
Introduction of Kubernetes
Features of Kubernetes
Kubernetes Architecture
Why use Kubernetes?
Kubernetes Basics
Why is Kubernetes popular?
Disadvantages of Kubernetes
Introduction of Kubernetes
Kubernetes is a platform that ignores the manual processes involved in deploying containerized applications. Kubernetes comes with the capability of automating deployment, scaling of application and operations of application containers across clusters. It is capable of creating a container-centric infrastructure.
Kubernetes is an open-source container management tool hosted by Cloud Native Computing Foundation (CNCF). Kubernetes is a container management system developed by the Google platform. It helps you to manage a containerized application in different types of physical, virtual, and cloud environments. This is additionally referred to be improved version of Borg that was developed at Google to manage each long-running processes and batch jobs, earlier handled by separate systems.
Google Kubernetes is a highly flexible container tool to deliver even complex applications, consistently. Applications “run on clusters of a whole bunch to thousands of individual servers.”
Features of Kubernetes
Here are the essential features of Kubernetes:
- Automated Scheduling
- Self-Healing Capabilities
- Automated rollouts & rollback
- Horizontal Scaling & Load Balancing
- Offers environment consistency for development, testing, and production
- Infrastructure is loosely coupled to each component can act as a separate unit
- Provides a higher density of resource utilization
- Offers enterprise-ready features
- Application-centric management
- Auto-scalable infrastructure
- You can create predictable infrastructure
Kubernetes Architecture
Master Node: The master node is the first and most vital component which is responsible for the management of the Kubernetes cluster. It is the entry point for all kinds of administrative tasks. There could be quite one master node within the cluster to examine for fault tolerance.
The master node has various components like API Server, Controller Manager, Scheduler, and ETCD. Let see all of them.
API Server: The API server acts as an entry point for all the REST commands used for controlling the cluster.
Scheduler: The scheduler schedules the tasks to the slave node. It stores the resource usage data for each slave node. Scheduler responsible for distributing the workload.
It helps you to place the workload on resources that are available and accept the workload.
Etcd: Etcd components store configuration detail and wright values. It communicates with the most component to receive commands and work. It manages network rules and port forwarding activity.
Worker/Slave
nodes
Worker nodes are another essential component that contains all the required services to manage the networking between the containers, communicate with the master node, which allows you to assign resources to scheduled containers.
- Kubelet
- Docker Container
- Kube-proxy
- Pods
Why use Kubernetes?
Here, are the benefits of using Kubernetes.
- Kubernetes can run on-premises bare metal, OpenStack, public clouds Google, Azure, AWS, etc.
- It helps you to avoid vendor lock issues as it can use any vendor-specific APIs or services except where Kubernetes provides an abstraction, e.g., load balancer and storage.
- Containerization using Kubernetes permits package software to serve these goals. It will enable applications that need to be released and updated without any downtime.
- Kubernetes allows you to assure those containerized applications run where and when you want and help you to find resources and tools which you want to work.
Kubernetes Basics
Here, is some important Basic of
Kubernetes:
Cluster:
It is a group of hosts (servers) that helps you to aggregate their available resources. That includes ram, CPU, ram, disk, and their devices into a usable pool.
Master: The master is a collection of components that make up the control panel of Kubernetes. These components are used for all cluster decisions. It includes both scheduling and responding to cluster events.
Node: It is a single host that is capable of running on a physical or virtual machine. A node should run both Kube-proxy, and kubelet which are considered as a part of the cluster.
Namespace: It is a logical cluster or environment. It is a widely used method that is used for scoping access or dividing a cluster.
Why is Kubernetes so popular?
As more and more organizations move to micro service and cloud-native architectures that make use of containers, they’re looking for strong, proven platforms. Practitioners are moving to Kubernetes for four main reasons:
1. Kubernetes helps you move faster: Indeed, Kubernetes allows you to deliver a self-service Platform-as-a-Service (PaaS) that creates a hardware layer abstraction for development teams. Your development teams can quickly and efficiently request the resources they need. If they need more resources to handle the additional load, they can get those just as quickly, since resources all come from an infrastructure shared across all your teams.
No more filling out forms to request new machines to run your application. Just provision and go, and take advantage of the tooling developed around Kubernetes for automating packaging, deployment, and testing, such as Helm (more below).
2. Kubernetes is cost-efficient: Kubernetes and containers allow for much better resource utilization than hypervisors and VMs do; because containers are so lightweight, they require less CPU and memory resources to run.
3. Kubernetes is cloud-agnostic: Kubernetes runs on Amazon Web Services (AWS), Microsoft Azure, and the Google Cloud Platform (GCP), and you can also run it on-premise. You can move workloads without having to redesign your applications or completely rethink your infrastructure—which lets you standardize on a platform and avoid vendor lock-in.
4. Cloud providers will manage Kubernetes for you: As noted earlier, Kubernetes is currently the clear standard for container orchestration tools. It should come as no surprise, then, that major cloud providers are offering plenty of Kubernetes-as-a-Service-offerings. Amazon EKS, Google Cloud Kubernetes Engine, Azure Kubernetes Service (AKS), Red Hat Open shift, and IBM Cloud Kubernetes Service all provide a full Kubernetes platform management, so you can focus on what matters most to you—shipping applications that delight your users.
Disadvantages of Kubernetes
- Kubernetes dashboard not as useful as it should be
- Kubernetes is a little bit complicated and unnecessary in environments where all development is done locally.
- Security is not very effective.
Related Courses
