Cyber Security Tutorial for Beginners updated 2020
Cyber Security is the process and techniques involved in protecting computer systems, sensitive data, networks and software applications from cyber attacks. Cyber attacks can be considered as an exploitation of resources, unauthorized access to the systems, ransomware attacks to encrypt data and extract money.
Cyber Security Tutorial for Beginners updated 2019 List of topics in this tutorial
Introduction to Cyber Security
Types of Cyber Attacks
Why Cyber Security is important?
Key Concept of Cyber security
Elements of Cyber security
Cyber Security Tools
Cyber Security Risk Analysis
Introduction to Cyber Security
Cyber Security is the process of protection of Internet-connected systems, including hardware, software, and data from cyber-attacks. It is made up of two words one is cyber and the other is security. Cyber is related to the technology which contains network, systems and data or programs. Whereas security related to protection which includes systems security, network security and application, and information security.
Cyber Security is primarily about people, processes, and technologies working together to encompass the full range of threat reduction, vulnerability reduction, deterrence, international engagement, incident response, resiliency, and activities, including computer network operations, information assurance, law enforcement, etc.
We can also define cyber Security as the set of principles and practices designed to protect our computing resources and online information against threats. Due to the heavy dependence on computers in modern industries that store and transmit an abundance of confidential and essential information about the people, cybersecurity is a critical function and needed insurance for many businesses.
Types of Cyber Attacks
A cyber-attack is the exploitation of computer systems and networks. It uses malicious code to alter computer code, logic or data and lead to cybercrimes, such as information and identity theft.
We are living in a digital era. Now a day, most of the people use computers and the internet. Due to the dependency on digital things, illegal computer activity is changing and growing like any type of crime.
Cyber-attacks can be classified in the following categories:
Web-based attacks
These are the attacks that occur on a website or web application. These are some important web-based attacks are as follows:
- Injection attacks
- DNS Spoofing
- Session Hijacking
- Phishing
- Brute force
- Denial of Service
- Volume-based
attacks- Protocol attacks
- Application
layer attacks
- Volume-based
- Dictionary attacks
- URL Interpretation
- File Inclusion attacks
- Man in the middle attacks
System-based attacks
These are the attacks that are intended to compromise a computer or a computer network. These are some important system-based attacks are as follows:
- Virus
- Worm
- Trojan horse
- Backdoors
- Bots
Why Cyber Security is important?
Cybersecurity is not only essential to business organizations and governmental institutions. It should be for everyone who is using digital devices like computers, mobile phones, tablets, etc. These devices contained many personal pieces of information that digital thieves would love to have. What is also important about it is that if your information is explained to hackers, they can use you as a bait to lure your friends or family into a digital scam.
Every little thing that is connected to the internet, used for communication and other purposes, can be affected by a breach of security. It can be:
- Financial systems, which consists of bank accounts, loans, paychecks.
- Government databases, which include Social Security numbers, licenses, tax records.
- Communication systems, like emails, text messages, calls.
- Medical systems with their equipment and medical records.
- Educational systems, which can affect report cards, grades, scholars’ information.
- Transportation systems, like traffic control, airplane navigations, and vehicle engines.
Having the right cybersecurity measures is the key defense against this kind of errors and malicious attacks, so knowing what is cybersecurity and why it is important is crucial to everyone.
Key Concept of Cybersecurity
Cybersecurity on its own has a very broad term and may have many definitions the revolve around the digital world. To understand the cybersecurity term three fundamental concepts are known as “The CIA Triad”.
The CIA Triad is an acronym of words like confidentiality, integrity, and availability. This model is designed to guide the organization with the policies of cybersecurity.
- Confidentiality
- Integrity
- Availability
Elements of Cybersecurity
Now that we reviewed the concept of what is cybersecurity and why is it so important, it is significant to learn about its’ elements. A strong cybersecurity network consists of many features:
- Application security
- Network security
- Operational security
- End-user education
- Management involvement
Cyber Security Tools
Protecting our IT environment is very critical. Every organization needs to take cybersecurity very seriously. There are several hacking attacks affecting businesses of all sizes. Hackers, malware, viruses are some of the real security threats in the virtual world. It is essential that every company is aware of the critical security attacks and it is necessary to keep themselves secure. There are many different aspects of the cyber defense may need to be considered. Here are six essential tools and services that every organization needs to consider to ensure their cybersecurity is as strong as possible. They are described below:
- Firewalls
- Antivirus Software
- PKI Services
- Managed Detection and Response Service (MDR)
- Penetration Testing
- Staff Training
Cyber Security Risk Analysis
Risk analysis refers to the review of risks associated with the particular action. The risk analysis is applied to information technology, projects, security issues and any other event where risks may be analyzed based on a quantitative and qualitative basis. Risks are part of every IT project and business organizations. The analysis of risk should be occurred regularly and be updated to identify new potential threats. The strategic risk analysis helps to minimize future risk probability and damage.
Enterprise and organization used risk analysis:
- To anticipates and reduce the effect of harmful results occurred from adverse events or actions.
- To plan for technology or equipment failure from adverse events, both natural and human-caused.
- To evaluate whether the potential risks of a project are balanced in the decision process when evaluating to move forward with the project.
- To identify the impact of and prepare for changes in the enterprise environment.
Steps in the risk analysis process
The basic steps followed by a risk analysis process are:
- Conduct a risk assessment survey
- Identify the risks
- Analyze the risks
- Develop a risk management plan
- Implement the risk management plan
- Monitor the risks
Types of Risk Analysis
The essential number of distinct approaches related to risk analysis are:
- Qualitative Risk Analysis
- Quantitative Risk Analysis
